Hamed Zarafati's specialized content reference about physiology, sports nutrition, exercise design and performance; With a clear structure for study, reference and practical use.
Published content after scientific review is placed in this section.
Nutrition and digestion · 4 minThe gut communicates with the liver through its barrier, circulation and microbial compounds. Butyrate, produced by fermentation of some fibers, participates in this network; understanding its mechanisms does not establish butyrate supplements as a treatment for fatty liver disease.
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Sports nutrition · 4 minReducing excess salt can support blood-pressure control. However, severe salt restriction, dehydration and unsupervised potassium use before competition are not reliable ways to improve definition and may jeopardize electrolyte balance.
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Nutrition and digestion · 4 minDietary fibers are not interchangeable: solubility, gel formation and fermentability are different properties. Varied food sources and gradual increases are generally more practical than suddenly adding large amounts of bran or fiber supplements.
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Sports physiology · 3 minutesCortisol is an essential hormone for responding to stress, regulating energy and blood pressure; A brief increase after exercise is normal, but persistent high or low levels require medical evaluation.
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Nutrition and health · 3 minutesTo lower LDL, the overall pattern is more important than a single superfood: replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat, soluble fiber from oats and legumes, nuts and, if needed, plant sterols are the most supportive.
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Nutrition and digestion · 3 minutesA true detox is not a multi-day cleanse; Liver, intestines and kidneys change substances with enzymatic reactions and excrete them through bile or urine. No drink or supplement will "reset" this system overnight.
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Sports nutrition · 2 minutesFive ready-to-prepare recipes from the meal plan file: Oatmeal Cake, Chia Pudding, Hummus, Apple Tart, and Oatmeal Cookies.
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Nutrition and digestion · 2 minutesIncreased intestinal permeability is a phenomenon that can be studied, but "intestinal leakage" is not a single diagnosis for all symptoms, and its treatment depends on the underlying cause.
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Nutrition and health · 2 minutesMost of these salts are mainly sodium chloride; The real difference in iodine is impurities, trace elements, taste and quality control, not a magical health advantage.
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Sports performance · 2 minutesThe two main pathways of nitric oxide production, the role of vasodilation, evidence of nitrate supplementation and the boundary between beneficial dietary nitrate and nitrosamines.
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Nutrition and digestion · 2 minutesWhat are FODMAPs, why do they cause bloating and pain in some people, and why is the long-term elimination of them all not the goal of this diet?
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Sports nutrition · 3 minutesWhy may the number of red blood cells be normal, but the hemoglobin is low? A guide to the interpretation of iron deficiency, dilutional anemia and the role of hepcidin.
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Sports physiology · 3 minutesHow does the androgen receptor transmit the message of testosterone to the cell, and why is attributing the arrest of development to a "fatigued receptor" not a complete explanation?
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Health and supplements · 2 minutesA detailed review of the bile acid cycle, anabolic steroid-induced liver injury, and differences between TUDCA bioevidence and treatment recommendations.
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